Regional Integration Projects in Venezuela’s Foreign Policy under the Presidency of Nicolas Maduro (2013-2018)

نویسندگان

چکیده

The purpose of the research paper is to highlight development, changes, and results that occurred in Venezuela’s regional integration during President Nicolas Maduro’s first term office (2013-2018).
 novelty a comprehensive analysis policy within framework leading associations ALBA, CELAC, UNASUR, which, according Hugo Chavez’s plan, were supposed turn Bolivarian Republic Venezuela into leader Latin America. Instead, N. Maduro was unable take advantage his predecessor’s foreign successes lost opportunities he had planned.
 Conclusions. Taking consideration theoretical ideological foundations policy, conclusion can be made vector has remained one focal points for Maduro. Thanks its resources dominance, country could rightfully claim leadership, as it united countries region on wave anti-Americanism, initiated many movements, most dependent energy supplies credits.
 ‘Pockets resistance’ US expansion America concentrated three organizations where founders or key players: UNASUR.
 economic political crisis hit sharply raised question continuity ‘Bolivarian Project’, which affected change state’s priorities, including international arena. focus country’s internal problems.
 In office, we distinguish two qualitative periods: 1. 2013-2015, time relatively successful implementation course, and, 2. 2016-2018, decline actual collapse policy. It just loss democratic tendencies domestic led leadership global stature.
 projects analyzed by authors started losing their credibility effectiveness 2013-2018, happened mostly due Venezuela. CELAC UNASUR de facto ceased activities, ALBA only instrument influence.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: ??????

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['2586-4629', '2765-5407']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33782/eminak2023.1(41).636